Home  |  Research  |  Leptin Enhancing Products     Mechanisms and Clinical Support Analysis of common PTPN1 gene variants in type 2 diabetes, obesity and associated phenotypes in the French population Angiotensin II stimulates the reactivity of the pituitary-adrenal axis in leptin-resistant Zucker rats, thereby influencing the glucose utilization Berberine potently inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B: Investigation by docking simulation and experimental validation Central resistance to the inhibitory effects of leptin on stimulated insulin secretion with aging Coordinated Regulation of Insulin Signaling by the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases PTP1B and TCPTP Does Obesity Induce Resistance to the Long-Term Cardiovascular and Metabolic Actions of Melanocortin 3/4 Receptor Activation? Early Obesity and Age-Related Mimicry of Metabolic Syndrome in Female Mice with Sex Hormonal Imbalances Enhancing leptin response by preventing SH2-containing phosphatase 2 interaction with Ob receptor Fast Food, Central Nervous System Insulin Resistance, and Obesity Increased Hypothalamic Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Contributes to Leptin Resistance with Age Impaired Activation of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase by Leptin Is a Novel Mechanism of Hepatic Leptin Resistance in Diet-induced Obesity Improved Glucose Homeostasis in Mice with Muscle-Specific Deletion of Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibition of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B: potential therapy for obesity, insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes mellitus Insulin receptor substrate 2 plays a crucial role in β cells and the hypothalamus In vivo leptin infusion impairs insulin and leptin signalling in liver and hypothalamus Lack of cross-desensitization between leptin and prolactin signaling pathways despite the induction of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 and PTP-1B Leptin as a Marker of Body Fat and Hyperinsulinemia in College Students Leptin receptor activation of SH2 domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 modulates Ob receptor signal transduction Leptin resistance following over-expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B in liver Leptin Sensitivity in Skeletal Muscle Is Modulated by Diet and Exercise Liver-specific Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) Re-expression Alters Glucose Homeostasis of PTP1B/Mice Mature-onset obesity and insulin resistance in mice deficient in the signaling adapter p62 Neuronal PTP1B regulates body weight, adiposity and leptin action Neuronal Shp2 tyrosine phosphatase controls energy balance and metabolism Overfeeding Rapidly Induces Leptin and Insulin Resistance Phosphatase Does Not Additively Impair Insulin Action Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Deficiency Reduces Insulin Resistance and the Diabetic Phenotype in Mice with Polygenic Insulin Resistance Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Expression Is Induced by Inflammation in Vivo Reduction of Hypothalamic Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Improves Insulin and Leptin Resistance in Diet-Induced Obese Rats Resistance to leptin action is the major determinant of hepatic triglyceride accumulation in vivo Role of leptin in obesity-related hypertension Single nucleotide polymorphisms in protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b (PTPN1) are associated with essential hypertension and obesity Sympathetic-leptin relationship in obesity: effect of weight loss Transgenic Overexpression of Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase 1B in Muscle Causes Insulin Resistance, but Overexpression with Leukocyte Antigen-related Treatment of type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia with the natural plant alkaloid berberine     Leptin and Insulin Resistance Research Activation of Downstream Signals by the Long Form of the Leptin Receptor Adipose tissue and adipokines: for better or worse Adipose Tissue as an Endocrine Organ Adipocyte-selective Reduction of the Leptin Receptors Induced by Antisense RNA Leads to Increased Adiposity, Dyslipidemia, and Insulin Resistance Attenuation of Leptin Action and Regulation of Obesity by Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Attenuation of leptin and insulin signaling by SOCS proteins Augmenting Leptin Circadian Rhythm Following a Weight Reduction in Diet-Induced Obese Rats: Short- and Long-Term Effects Berberine reduces the expression of adipogenic enzymes and inflammatory molecules of 3T3-L1 adipocyte Brain somatic cross-talk: Ghrelin, leptin and ultimate challengers of obesity Cellular Warriors at the Battle of the Bulge Cross down-regulation of leptin and insulin receptor expression and signalling in a human neuronal cell line Direct metabolic regulation in skeletal muscle and fat tissue by leptin: implications for glucose and fatty acids homeostasis Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure insulin receptor dephosphorylation by PTP1B Expression of DGAT2 in White Adipose Tissue Is Regulated by Central Leptin Action Hepatic leptin signaling in obesity Increased Energy Expenditure, Decreased Adiposity, and Tissue-Specific Insulin Sensitivity in Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B-Deficient Mice Increased Serum Leptin Protects From Adiposity Despite the Increased Glucose Uptake in White Adipose Tissue in Mice Lacking p85 Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase The ins and outs of leptin receptor activation Interactions between the “cognitive” and “metabolic” brain in the control of food intake Islet-Sparing Effects of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1b Deficiency Delays Onset of Diabetes in IRS2 Knockout Mice Leptin Leptin and hyperleptinemia – from friend to foe for cardiovascular function Leptin and the Cardiovascular System Leptin—Much More Than A Satiety Signal Leptin receptor action and mechanisms of leptin resistance Leptin Resistance and Obesity Leptin Resistance and Obesity 2007 Leptin resistance in obese humans: does it exist and what does it mean? Leptin Signaling and Obesity: Cardiovascular Consequences Leptin Signaling in the Central Nervous System and the Periphery Leptin signaling in the hypothalamus: emphasis on energy homeostasis and leptin resistance Leptin signalling Leptin Transport Across the Blood-Brain Barrier: Implications for the Cause and Treatment of Obesity Lessons from Leptin’s Molecular Biology: Potential Therapeutic Actions of Recombinant Leptin and Leptin-Related Compounds Lipid overload and overflow: metabolic trauma and the metabolic syndrome Loss of Leptin Actions in Obesity: Two Concepts with Cardiovascular Implications. Mechanism of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B-mediated inhibition of leptin signalling Minireview: A Hypothalamic Role in Energy Balance with Special Emphasis on Leptin Molecular and anatomical determinants of central leptin resistance Structure-Based Optimization of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibitors: From the Active Site to the Second Phosphotyrosine Binding Site Overexpression of Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase-1B in Adipocytes Inhibits Insulin-stimulated Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Activity without Altering Glucose Transport or Akt/Protein Kinase B Activation Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibitors For Diabetes Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B negatively regulates leptin signaling in a hypothalamic cell line Promising New Causal Explanations for Obesity and Obesity-Related Diseases Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B: A Potential Leptin Resistance Factor of Obesity Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B Gene PTPN1 PTP1B as a drug target: recent developments in PTP1B inhibitor discovery PTP1B Regulates Leptin Signal Transduction In Vivo Regulation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling by Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B* Role of leptin in the cardiovascular and endocrine complications of metabolic syndrome The role of leptin receptor signaling in feeding and neuroendocrine function A New Player in Skeletal Muscle Metabolism Regulation Strategies for the Delivery of Leptin to the CNSN The effects of high fat diets on the blood–brain barrier transport of leptin: Failure or adaptation? The Key Role of Insulin Resistance in the Cardiometabolic Syndrome The Role of Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase 1B in Integrin Signaling Upregulation of leptin pathway correlates with abnormal expression of SERCA2a, phospholamban and the endothelin pathway in heart failure and reversal by CPU86017 The Use of Animal Models to Dissect the Biology of Leptin Water-molecule network and active-site flexibility of apo protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B       Looking for more information? Email: info@leptinresearch.org Leptin Research Snippets The protein hormone Leptin is encoded by the obesity (ob) gene, and has been identified in published research as a principal modulator of body weight and metabolism Leptin acts centrally in the brain's hypothalamic centers, where it mediates weight loss by decreasing hunger and food consumption Leptin directs signaling to the brain to control eating and induce satiety Leptin disposes of cellular fat by up-regulating thermogenesis and metabolic rate, clinical findings show that the vast majority of overweight people in fact have elevated levels of Leptin due to "Leptin Resistance" When brain levels of Leptin are low due to "Leptin Resistance" - even if there are high circulating blood levels of Leptin - food cravings and weight gain occur because the body believes that it is hungry and goes into a state of continued fat storag © Copyright 2009 | All Rights Reserved | LeptiPro.org This content of this website is for general information purposes only, based in large part on published findings in scientific and medical journals from around the world. 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